Penduduk Timor Leste pada saat integrasi dengan Indonesia (Timor Timur)/Residents of Timor Leste at the time of integration with Indonesia (East Timor) FOR GENERAL HISTORY
Penduduk Timor Leste pada saat integrasi dengan Indonesia (Timor Timur)
(Sumber: Sardjono, V.1977. Kembalinya Saudara yang Hilang. Jakarta: PT Sahid & Co Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.)
Penduduk Timor pada masa penjajahan Portugis terdiri atas bangsa Portugis, Cina, Arab dan penduduk Pribumi. Setelah Timor Timur menjadi Propinsi ke 27 dari Negara Republik Indonesia penduduknya terdiri atas: bangsa Indo Portugis, Cina, Arab dan Pribumi.
Bangsa Indo Portugis, Cina dan Arab pada umumnya tinggal di kota. Sedangkan penduduk pribumi pada umumnya tinggal di kampong atau lereng pegunungan.
Adanya perubahan politik di Timor Timur diharapkan pula oleh penduduk pribumi adanya perubahan dalam tingkat kehidupan. Pada masa penjajahan Portugis, bangsa Portugis berada pada tingkat paling atas. Kemudian bangsa Cina dan bangsa Arab berada di tengah. Penduduk pribumi berada pada tingkat paling bawah. Setelah Timor Timur menjadi Provinsi 27, tingkat kedudukan berubah. Penduduk pribumi memegang pemerintahan dengan sendirinya berada pada pada tingkat paling atas. Pemerintah dan perekonomian diatur oleh penduduk pribumi. Bangsa Cina dan Arab berada di bawahnya. Kebanyakan mereka sebagai pedagang. Namun dalam kenyataan ke dua bangsa ini masih memainkan peranan penting dalam perekonomian Timor Timur. Mengenai golongan minoritas Indo Portugis pada umumnya mereka pemilik perkebunan dan perhotelan. Ada pula mereka menjadi pegawai Pemerintah (dari Apodeti).
Khususnya mengenai penduduk pribumi, terdiri atas beberapa suku. Semuanya berjumlah 23 suku dengan bahasa yang berbeda satu sama lain. Dari 23 suku bangsa itu yang terkenal adalah: Suku Tetum, kemak dan Mambai. Pada umumnya penduduk Pribumi (Timor Timur) hidup sebagai bercocok tanam dan beternak. Cara penduduk pribumi (Timor Timur) bercocok tanam masih sangat sederhana. Misalnya saja bila mereka hendak menanam padi. Sawah mereka tidak dibajak atau dicangkul lebih dahulu melainkan dengan cara menggiring ternak (kerbau atau sapi) mereka ke sawah untuk menginjak tanah yang ingin mereka Tanami padi. Cara penduduk pribumi (Timor Timur) beternak pun masih sangat sederhana. Mereka belum mengenal system beternak modern seperti di Australia ataupun di Amerika Serikat. Ternak mereka terdiri dari kambing, biri-biri, sapid an kerbau.
Penduduk pribumi (Timor Timur) sama seperti penduduk Timor Indonesia. Cirinya sebagai berikut:
1) Tinggi rata-rata kurang lebih 158 cm.
2) Rambut keriting atau ikal.
3) Kulit cokelat kehitaman.
4) Mempunyai kebiasaan makan sirih bagi penduduk yang tinggal di kampong.
5) Merajah kulitnya yang menandakan bahwa mereka suka berperang.
Jumlah penduduk Timor Timur berdasarkan sensus penduduk tahun 1974 sebanyak 646.155 orang, terdiri atas penduduk pribumi Timor Timur, bangsa Portugis, Cina dan keturunan Arab. Adapun perincian sebagai berikut:
| Kabupaten di Timor Timur/ Regency in East Timor. | Sensus 1974/ Census 1974. |
| Ailaeu | 39.534 |
| Ainaro | 50.960 |
| Bobonaro | 76.581 |
| Baucau | 86.026 |
| Covalima | 41.527 |
| Dili | 28.149 |
| Ermera | 72.019 |
| Lautem | 40.103 |
| Liquisa | 50.900 |
| Manatuto | 35.742 |
| Oecusi | 26.510 |
| Same | 36.058 |
| Viqueque | 62.046 |
Jumlah penduduk asing lebih kurang 0,2%. akibat pergolakan politik yang dimulai pada pertengahan tahun 1975 turun menjadi 0,1%. Sekarang penduduk Timor TTimur berjumlah 650.103 orang.
Bila dilihat dengan luas tanahnya maka kepadatan penduduk Timor Timur rata-rata 26 orang per km2. Dalam kenyataan penduduk tersebar di mana-mana. Ada yang tinggal di kota atau di desa maupun di gunung dan di pantai. Jika dilihat dari persebaran ini, persebaran penduduk di pegunungan lebih padat daripada pada penduduk pantai. Kepadatan penduduk di pegunungan mencapai 55 orang per km2, sedangkan persebaran penduduk di pantai kurang dari itu.
IN ENGLISH (with google translate Indonesian-english):
Residents of Timor Leste at the time of integration with Indonesia (East Timor)
(Source: Sardjono, V.1977. Brothers Return of the Prodigal. Jakarta: PT Sahid & Co. Ministry of Education and Culture.)
Timorese during the Portuguese colonization consists of Portuguese, Chinese, Arabic and Indigenous population. After East Timor became the 27th province of the Republic of Indonesia population consists of: the Indo Portuguese, Chinese, Arabic and Natives.
Indo Portuguese, Chinese, and Arabs generally live in the city.While the natives generally live in village or mountain slopes.
Political changes occurring in East Timor is expected that by the indigenous population to changes in the level of living. In the Portuguese colonial period, the Portuguese are at the very top level. Then the Chinese and Arabs are in the middle. The natives are at the lowest level. After East Timor's 27 province, the level of the position change. The indigenous population is holding its own government at the highest level. Government and economy governed by the natives. The Chinese and Arabic is below. Most of them as merchants. But in reality the two nations still play an important role in the economy of East Timor. Regarding minorities generally Indo Portuguese plantation owners and their hospitality. There also they are employees of the Government (of Apodeti).
Particularly on the indigenous population, consisting of several tribes. Altogether 23 tribes with different languages from each other. Of 23 tribes that are known are: Spare Tetum, kemak and Mambai. In general, the Indigenous population (East Timor) life as farming and animal husbandry. How the indigenous population (East Timor) cultivation is still very simple. For example, if they want to grow rice. Their fields are not plowed or dug in advance but the way herding cattle (buffalo or cow) them into the fields to the ground they want Tanami rice. How the indigenous population (East Timor) farming is still very simple. They are not familiar with modern farming system such as Australia or the United States.Livestock consists of goats, sheep, sapid an ox.
The natives (East Timor) as residents of East Indonesia.Characteristics as follows:
1) The average height of about 158 cm.
2) curly or wavy hair.
3) blackish brown skin.
4) Having a habit of chewing betel nut for the people who live in the village.
5) tattooed skin which indicates that they are warlike.
The population of East Timor based on the population census of 1974 as many as 646 155 people, consisting of natives of East Timor, the Portuguese, Chinese and Arab descent. The details are as follows:
The number of foreign residents of approximately 0.2%. due to the political turmoil that began in mid-1975 down to 0.1%. Now residents of East TTimur numbered 650,103 people.
When viewed with the acreage of East Timorese population density average of 26 people per km2. In fact the population was spread everywhere. Anyone living in the city or in the village and in the mountains and on the coast. When viewed from this distribution, the distribution of the population in the mountains is denser than the coastal population. Population density in the mountains to 55 people per km2, while the population distribution at the beach is less than that
(Source: Sardjono, V.1977. Brothers Return of the Prodigal. Jakarta: PT Sahid & Co. Ministry of Education and Culture.)
Timorese during the Portuguese colonization consists of Portuguese, Chinese, Arabic and Indigenous population. After East Timor became the 27th province of the Republic of Indonesia population consists of: the Indo Portuguese, Chinese, Arabic and Natives.
Indo Portuguese, Chinese, and Arabs generally live in the city.While the natives generally live in village or mountain slopes.
Political changes occurring in East Timor is expected that by the indigenous population to changes in the level of living. In the Portuguese colonial period, the Portuguese are at the very top level. Then the Chinese and Arabs are in the middle. The natives are at the lowest level. After East Timor's 27 province, the level of the position change. The indigenous population is holding its own government at the highest level. Government and economy governed by the natives. The Chinese and Arabic is below. Most of them as merchants. But in reality the two nations still play an important role in the economy of East Timor. Regarding minorities generally Indo Portuguese plantation owners and their hospitality. There also they are employees of the Government (of Apodeti).
Particularly on the indigenous population, consisting of several tribes. Altogether 23 tribes with different languages from each other. Of 23 tribes that are known are: Spare Tetum, kemak and Mambai. In general, the Indigenous population (East Timor) life as farming and animal husbandry. How the indigenous population (East Timor) cultivation is still very simple. For example, if they want to grow rice. Their fields are not plowed or dug in advance but the way herding cattle (buffalo or cow) them into the fields to the ground they want Tanami rice. How the indigenous population (East Timor) farming is still very simple. They are not familiar with modern farming system such as Australia or the United States.Livestock consists of goats, sheep, sapid an ox.
The natives (East Timor) as residents of East Indonesia.Characteristics as follows:
1) The average height of about 158 cm.
2) curly or wavy hair.
3) blackish brown skin.
4) Having a habit of chewing betel nut for the people who live in the village.
5) tattooed skin which indicates that they are warlike.
The population of East Timor based on the population census of 1974 as many as 646 155 people, consisting of natives of East Timor, the Portuguese, Chinese and Arab descent. The details are as follows:
| Kabupaten di Timor Timur/ Regency in East Timor. | Sensus 1974/ Census 1974. |
| Ailaeu | 39.534 |
| Ainaro | 50.960 |
| Bobonaro | 76.581 |
| Baucau | 86.026 |
| Covalima | 41.527 |
| Dili | 28.149 |
| Ermera | 72.019 |
| Lautem | 40.103 |
| Liquisa | 50.900 |
| Manatuto | 35.742 |
| Oecusi | 26.510 |
| Same | 36.058 |
| Viqueque | 62.046 |
The number of foreign residents of approximately 0.2%. due to the political turmoil that began in mid-1975 down to 0.1%. Now residents of East TTimur numbered 650,103 people.
When viewed with the acreage of East Timorese population density average of 26 people per km2. In fact the population was spread everywhere. Anyone living in the city or in the village and in the mountains and on the coast. When viewed from this distribution, the distribution of the population in the mountains is denser than the coastal population. Population density in the mountains to 55 people per km2, while the population distribution at the beach is less than that
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