Hubungan Antara Makhluk Hidup/ Relationship Between Living FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL NATURAL SCIENCE
Hubungan Antara Makhluk Hidup
(Sumber: Soetarno. 2000.Rangkuman Pengetahuan Alam Lengkap. Semarang: CV.AnekaIlmu.)
1) Makhluk Hidup dan alamnya
Ø Antara makhluk hidup ada saling ketergantungan. Contohnya: kambing atau sapi dengan rumput, cacing dengan daunan yang busuk dan kegemburan tanah.
Ø Dunia merupakan sebuah ekosistem. Ekosistem adalah tempat saling memberi dan menerima antara tumbuhan dan hewan di lingkungan, sawah, hutan dan lautan juga merupakan ekosisitem.
Ø Ekosistem ada dua macam. Ekosistem buatan dan ekosistem alam. Ekosistem buatan merupakan buatan manusia, misalnya sawah, lading, kebun, kolam ikan dan aquarium. Ekosistem alam: hutan, padang rumput, padang pasir, sungai dan laut.
Ø Makhluk hidup berkelompok dalam lingkungan tertentu maka terbentuklah komunitas. Misalnya komunitas sawah, hutan. Komunitas akan terganggu jika ada anggotanya yang dimushnahkan. Manusia dapat melindungi kelestarian suatu komunitas.
Ø Rantai makanan adalah perjalanan makan dengan urutan tertentu.
Ø Jarring-jaring kehidupan adalah peristiwa makan memakan berbagai makhluk hidup. Penjelasan: Daun rumput dimakan belalang, belalang dimakan katak, katak dimakan ular, ular dimakan elang, elang mati, bangkai elang membusuk dimakan oleh bakteri pengurai.
Ø Ada bermacam konsumen, yaitu konsumen pertama, konsumen kedua, dan konsumen ketiga. Konsumen pertama adalah makhluk hidup yang memperoleh energy langsung dari produsen, misalnya belalang, tikus, kijang dan sapi. Konsumen kedua adalah makhluk hidup yang memperoleh energy dari konsumen pertama, misalnua tikus dan ular. Konsumen ketiga adalah hidup yang memperoleh energy dari konsumen kedua misalnya elang. Sebuah rantai makan yang memerlihatkan makhluk hidup dimakan oleh konsumen yang lebih tinggi termasuk manusia. Tumbuhan hijau menghasilkan makanan untuk konsumen tingkat pertama, konsumen tingkat pertama dimakan tingkat selanjutnya dan seterusnya.
Ø Selain ketergantungan makhluk hidup melalui rantai makanan, banyak makhluk hidup lain yang berhubungan dengan cara khas. Hubungan dua makhluk yang berbeda dan sangat erat kaitannya disebut simbiosis.
Ø Hubungan antara dua makhluk hidup yang saling menguntungkan disebut mutualisme misalnya burung jalak makan kutu kerbau sampai kenyang.
Ø Hubungan antara dua makhluk yang satu mendapat keuntungan dan yang lain menderita kerugian disebut paratisme.
Ø Hewa pemakan tumbuhan (herbivore). Hewan pemakan daging (karnivora), hewan pemakan tumbuhan dan hewan (omnivora).
Ø Apa yang kamu ketahui tentang rantai makanan dan piramida makanan? Rantai makanan merupakan perjalanan urutan tertentu. Piramida makanan menunjukkan bahwa makhluk hidup menghasilkan perkembangan dalam aalam semester secara berurutan sehingga konsumen tingkat di bawahnya juga mengalami perkembangan.
Ø Mengapaa matahari disebut sebagai sumber energy utama bagi semua kehidupan makanan? Karena hampir semua sumber energy yang ada di bumi dari matahari, tanpa matahari semua makhluk hidup tak dapat hidup.
Ø Apakah yang disebut produsen? Makhluk hidup penghasil makanan yaitu tumbuhan.
Ø Apakah konsumen? Makhluk hidup yang menikmati makanan yang dihasilkan oleh produsen.
Ø Apakah paratisme? Hubungan antar dua makhluk hidup sehingga yang satu mendapat keuntungan yang satu mendapat kerugian.
Ø Apakah mutualisme? Hubungan antara dua makhluk hidup yang saling menguntungkan.
Ø Apakah simbiosis itu? Hubungan dua makhluk hidup yang berbeda dalam hubungan erat.
Ø Apakah yang disebut ekosistem? Ekosistem adalah tempat yang saling memberi dan menerima antara manusia, hewan dan lingkungannya.
Ø Berikan contoh tentang ekosistem itu! Sawah, hutan, padang rumput, sungai, pantai, dan lautan.
Ø Apakah yang disebut ekosistem buatan dan berikan contohnya! Tempat saling memberi dan menerima antara manusia, hewan dan lingkungannya yang dibaut oleh manusia. Misalnya kolam ikan, aquarium dan sebagainya.
Ø Tumbuhan apakah yang menjadi tumpujan paratisme? Benalu.
Ø Hewan pemakan daging disebut apa? Karnivora.
Ø Apakah yang disebut herbivore? Hewan pemakan tumbuhan.
Ø Hewan pemakan tumbuhan dan daging disebut apa? Omnivore
Ø Tumbuhan yang menghasilkan kebutuhan hidup. Coba jelaskan! Dari bagian tumbuhan itu baik akar, batang, daun, bunga dapat kita manfaatkan dalam hidup kita.
Ø Tumbuhan melindugi dan memperbaiki tanah karena tumbuhan mencegah terjadinya erosi, sisa tumbuhan: kayu, akar, daun yang membusuk dapat menimbulkan bunga tanah.
Ø Bagaimana pula manfaat hewan bagi manusia? Hewan menghasilkan bahan kebutuhan manusia dan hewan dapat menyuburkan tanah.
Ø Jelaskan bahwa hewan menghasilkan kebutuhan manusia! Telur dan daging merupakan sumber protein heewani bagi manusia. Kulit dan bulu dapat dimanfaaatkan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan sandang manusia.
Ø Buktikan hewan dapat menyuburkan tanah! Hewan yang hidup dalam tanah dapat ikut membuat humus. Kotoran hewan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk.
Ø Ada berapa macamkah jenis pupuk? Ada tiga macam yakni pupuk kandang (berasal dari kotoran hewan), pupuk hijau (berasal dari tumbuhan) dan pupuk buatan (dibuat di pabrik).
IN ENGLISH (with google trasnslate Indonesian-english):
Relationship Between Living
(Source: Soetarno. 2000.Rangkuman Complete Natural Sciences. Semarang: CV.AnekaIlmu.)
1) Living and natural
Between the interdependence of living things exist. For example, goats or cows with grass, worms with rotten leaves and soil friability.
World is an ecosystem. Ecosystem is a give and take between plants and animals in the environment, fields, forests and oceans is also the ecosystem.
There are two kinds of ecosystems. Artificial ecosystems and natural ecosystems. Artificial ecosystems are man-made, such as rice, lading, garden, pond and aquarium fish. Natural ecosystems: forests, grasslands, deserts, rivers and sea.
creatures live in groups in a given environment is formed community. For example, community fields, woods. Community members will be disrupted if there were dimushnahkan. Humans can protect the health of a community.
The food chain is the way to eat a certain order.
nets web of life is eating events take different living creatures. Explanation: Leaves of grass eaten by locusts, grasshoppers eat frogs, snakes eat frogs, snakes eaten by hawks, eagles dead, rotting carcass eagle eaten by bacteria.
There is a variety of consumers, the consumers first, customers second, and third consumer. First Consumers are living things that derive energy directly from the manufacturer, such as grasshoppers, mice, deer and cattle. Consumers both are living things that obtain energy from the consumer first, misalnua rats and snakes. The third is a live Consumers who obtain energy from both consumers such as hawks. A chain memerlihatkan eating living creatures are eaten by higher consumer including humans. Green plants produce food for consumers first-rate, first-order consumers eat the next level and beyond.
In addition to the dependence of living things through the food chain, many other living creatures associated with the typical manner. Relationships are two different creatures and are closely related is called symbiosis.
The relationship between two living beings mutually beneficial called mutualism eg starlings eat buffalo ticks were filled.
The relationship between the two being that one and the other benefit is called paratisme losses.
Hewa plant eaters (herbivores). Animal meat eaters (carnivores), plant-eating animals and animals (omnivores).
What do you know about the food chain and food pyramid? The food chain is a journey of a particular sequence. Food pyramid show that living things produce Aalam developments in the semester in order that consumers lower level also experiencing growth.
Mengapaa sun called the primary energy source for all life food? Since almost all sources of energy on earth from the sun, without sun all living beings can not live.
What is a producer? Living things are food-producing plants.
Do consumers? Living creatures are enjoying the food produced by the manufacturer.
Are paratisme? Relationship between two living beings so that is one benefit that one gets the loss.
Are mutualism? The relationship between two living beings mutually beneficial.
Is it symbiotic? Relationships are two different living in close association.
What is an ecosystem? Ecosystem is a reciprocity between humans, animals and the environment.
Give examples of ecosystems that! Fields, forests, grasslands, rivers, beaches, and oceans.
What is an artificial ecosystem and give an example? Place of reciprocity between humans, animals and the environment are bolted by humans. For example, a fish pond, aquarium and so on.
Plant tumpujan paratisme whether that be? Parasite.
meat-eaters called what? Carnivores.
What is a herbivore? Plant-eating animals.
plant-eaters and meat are called what? Omnivore
Plants that produce the necessities of life. Try to explain! From the plant was good roots, stems, leaves, flowers we can use in our lives.
melindugi plants and improve the soil for plants to prevent erosion, the remaining herbs: wood, roots, leaves rot can cause topsoil.
How did the animals for human benefit? Animals produce material needs of humans and animals to fertilize the soil.
Explain that animals produce human needs! Eggs and meat is a source of protein for humans heewani. Leather and fur can dimanfaaatkan to provide for human clothing.
Prove animals can fertilize the soil! Animals that live in the soil can help make humus. Manure can be used as fertilizer.
How many macamkah type of fertilizer? There are three kinds of the manure (derived from animal waste), green manure (derived from plants) and artificial fertilizers (made in the factory).
(Source: Soetarno. 2000.Rangkuman Complete Natural Sciences. Semarang: CV.AnekaIlmu.)
1) Living and natural
Between the interdependence of living things exist. For example, goats or cows with grass, worms with rotten leaves and soil friability.
World is an ecosystem. Ecosystem is a give and take between plants and animals in the environment, fields, forests and oceans is also the ecosystem.
There are two kinds of ecosystems. Artificial ecosystems and natural ecosystems. Artificial ecosystems are man-made, such as rice, lading, garden, pond and aquarium fish. Natural ecosystems: forests, grasslands, deserts, rivers and sea.
creatures live in groups in a given environment is formed community. For example, community fields, woods. Community members will be disrupted if there were dimushnahkan. Humans can protect the health of a community.
The food chain is the way to eat a certain order.
nets web of life is eating events take different living creatures. Explanation: Leaves of grass eaten by locusts, grasshoppers eat frogs, snakes eat frogs, snakes eaten by hawks, eagles dead, rotting carcass eagle eaten by bacteria.
There is a variety of consumers, the consumers first, customers second, and third consumer. First Consumers are living things that derive energy directly from the manufacturer, such as grasshoppers, mice, deer and cattle. Consumers both are living things that obtain energy from the consumer first, misalnua rats and snakes. The third is a live Consumers who obtain energy from both consumers such as hawks. A chain memerlihatkan eating living creatures are eaten by higher consumer including humans. Green plants produce food for consumers first-rate, first-order consumers eat the next level and beyond.
In addition to the dependence of living things through the food chain, many other living creatures associated with the typical manner. Relationships are two different creatures and are closely related is called symbiosis.
The relationship between two living beings mutually beneficial called mutualism eg starlings eat buffalo ticks were filled.
The relationship between the two being that one and the other benefit is called paratisme losses.
Hewa plant eaters (herbivores). Animal meat eaters (carnivores), plant-eating animals and animals (omnivores).
What do you know about the food chain and food pyramid? The food chain is a journey of a particular sequence. Food pyramid show that living things produce Aalam developments in the semester in order that consumers lower level also experiencing growth.
Mengapaa sun called the primary energy source for all life food? Since almost all sources of energy on earth from the sun, without sun all living beings can not live.
What is a producer? Living things are food-producing plants.
Do consumers? Living creatures are enjoying the food produced by the manufacturer.
Are paratisme? Relationship between two living beings so that is one benefit that one gets the loss.
Are mutualism? The relationship between two living beings mutually beneficial.
Is it symbiotic? Relationships are two different living in close association.
What is an ecosystem? Ecosystem is a reciprocity between humans, animals and the environment.
Give examples of ecosystems that! Fields, forests, grasslands, rivers, beaches, and oceans.
What is an artificial ecosystem and give an example? Place of reciprocity between humans, animals and the environment are bolted by humans. For example, a fish pond, aquarium and so on.
Plant tumpujan paratisme whether that be? Parasite.
meat-eaters called what? Carnivores.
What is a herbivore? Plant-eating animals.
plant-eaters and meat are called what? Omnivore
Plants that produce the necessities of life. Try to explain! From the plant was good roots, stems, leaves, flowers we can use in our lives.
melindugi plants and improve the soil for plants to prevent erosion, the remaining herbs: wood, roots, leaves rot can cause topsoil.
How did the animals for human benefit? Animals produce material needs of humans and animals to fertilize the soil.
Explain that animals produce human needs! Eggs and meat is a source of protein for humans heewani. Leather and fur can dimanfaaatkan to provide for human clothing.
Prove animals can fertilize the soil! Animals that live in the soil can help make humus. Manure can be used as fertilizer.
How many macamkah type of fertilizer? There are three kinds of the manure (derived from animal waste), green manure (derived from plants) and artificial fertilizers (made in the factory).
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